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Table 1 The reasons for non-naturalising – evidence from Brande Kehre and Stalidzane ( 2003 ) and Secretariat of the Special Assignment Minister for Social Integration ( 2008 )

From: From immigrants to (non-)citizens: political economy of naturalisations in Latvia

2003 : Why don’t you use the possibility to naturalise?

% of respondents

1) I consider that I have an automatic right to Latvian citizenship

34%

2) I hope that the process of naturalisation will be simplified

26%

3) It is easier to travel to the CIS countries

26%

4) I think that I will not be able to pass the Latvian language exam

24%

5) I do not feel the necessity

22%

6) I think that I will not be able to pass the Latvian history exam

21%

7) I do not have money to pay the fee

20%

8) I do not have time to do the necessary formalities

18%

9) I consider that the process of naturalisation is humiliating

18%

10) I feel it is difficult to start the naturalisation process

11%

11) I want to be/am a citizen of another country

4%

12) It is difficult to get to the Naturalisation Board office

3%

2007 : The reasons why you do not plan to acquire Latvian citizenship

% of respondents

a) I do not see the necessity

44%

b) Insufficient knowledge of Latvian

37%

c) I do not have time to do the necessary formalities

29%

d) Insufficient knowledge of Latvian history

24%

e) I consider that the process of naturalisation is humiliating

21%

f) I do not have enough information about the naturalisation process

20%

g) I do not feel belonging to the Latvian state

17%

h) Latvian citizenship will complicate travelling to Russia and other CIS countries

10%

i) I want to acquire citizenship of another state

6%

  1. Note: Answers in the upper panel are from Brande Kehre and Stalidzane ( 2003), based on survey conducted in 2003, 6825 respondents; answers in the lower panel are from Secretariat of the Special Assignment Minister for Social Integration ( 2008), based on survey conducted in 2007, 112 respondents (the non-citizens who do not plan to acquire citizenship).