The impact of parents’ years since migration on children’s academic achievement

Table 4 Effects of YSM on exam grades in Danish and Math

		Danish			Mathematics
		Basic OLS	Sibling fixed effects		Basic OLS	Sibling fixed effects
		(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Mother: years since migration	5-9	0.035(*)	0.027		−0.023	0.025
		(0.018)	(0.026)		(0.020)	(0.030)
	10-13	0.101***	0.059		0.023	0.057
		(0.025)	(0.048)		(0.028)	(0.056)
	14+	0.192***	0.110(*)		0.098**	0.061
		(0.029)	(0.067)		(0.033)	(0.077)
Father: years since migration	5-9	0.041*		0.024	0.064**		−0.003
		(0.017)		(0.028)	(0.020)		(0.032)
	10-13	0.043(*)		0.038	0.077**		0.095(*)
		(0.025)		(0.047)	(0.028)		(0.054)
	14+	0.114***		0.031	0.148***		0.142*
		(0.026)		(0.062)	(0.029)		(0.072)
N (students)		19,251	10,646	10,646	18,935	10,411	10,411
*N(families)*			4,803	4,803		4,705	4,705
adj. R ²		0.151	0.481	0.481	0.133	0.457	0.457

Standard errors in parentheses. (*) p < .10, * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001.
Controls included in columns (1)&(2) include: country of origin, home country education, older siblings born in home country, age at arrival of father and mother; gender, firstborn. In columns (3) & (4), controls include only gender and firstborn.