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Table 7 The economic downturn and work injury and fatality rates by nativity

From: On the differential impact of the recent economic downturn on work safety by nativity: the Spanish experience

Independent variables

Injury rates

Fatality rates

Occupation rate

Industry rate

Occupation rate

Industry rate

 

Spec.1

Spec.2

Spec.1

Spec.2

Spec.1

Spec.2

Spec.1

Spec.2

Migration variables:

        

Foreign-born

134.45***

 

−26.44

 

0.55*

 

−0.09

 
 

(36.165)

 

(28.125)

 

(0.280)

 

(0.193)

 

Years in Spain

−3.43***

−3.49***

1.00

1.00

−0.02**

−0.02**

−0.00

−0.00

 

(0.783)

(0.822)

(0.678)

(0.670)

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.005)

(0.005)

Spanish native tongue

−1.18

 

−19.48*

 

−0.01

 

−0.25**

 
 

(12.365)

 

(9.887)

 

(0.108)

 

(0.106)

 

Africa

 

179.03***

 

7.35

 

0.65*

 

0.22*

  

(49.373)

 

(14.669)

 

(0.483)

 

(0.166)

Asia

 

49.00

 

−40.61*

 

−0.75*

 

−0.49**

  

(40.851)

 

(26.664)

 

(0.529)

 

(0.258)

Europe

 

127.31***

 

−3.63

 

0.63**

 

0.24*

  

(27.918)

 

(20.877)

 

(0.255)

 

(0.184)

Latin America

 

133.76***

 

−30.19

 

0.56**

 

−0.12

  

(37.207)

 

(29.579)

 

(0.283)

 

(0.207)

Other origin

 

−11.22

 

−35.76*

 

−0.16

 

0.31

  

(40.368)

 

(23.923)

 

(0.515)

 

(0.488)

Crisis effect:

        

Post-crisis

−17.52

−17.53

−34.24*

−34.28*

0.28

0.28

0.18

0.18

 

(22.926)

(22.927)

(21.630)

(21.620)

(0.253)

(0.253)

(0.215)

(0.215)

Interaction terms:

        

Post-crisis* Foreign-born

−32.48**

 

−7.16

 

−0.17

 

−0.02

 
 

(15.448)

 

(9.719)

 

(0.127)

 

(0.092)

 

Post-crisis*Africa

 

−67.46***

 

−22.87**

 

−0.48***

 

−0.08

  

(19.792)

 

(10.359)

 

(0.176)

 

(0.098)

Post-crisis*Asia

 

−52.38

 

3.00

 

−0.31

 

0.17

  

(41.956)

 

(18.951)

 

(0.320)

 

(0.297)

Post-crisis*Europe

 

−6.10

 

−12.65*

 

0.09

 

−0.08

  

(11.540)

 

(7.883)

 

(0.145)

 

(0.089)

Post-crisis*Latin America

 

−35.55**

 

1.46

 

−0.22*

 

0.04

  

(18.825)

 

(13.369)

 

(0.134)

 

(0.131)

Post-crisis*Other origin

 

71.83**

 

15.16

 

0.21

 

−0.38

  

(37.846)

 

(22.410)

 

(0.566)

 

(0.567)

Personal/Job characteristics

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Regional FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Time trend

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Ind./Occ. FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Ind./Occ. Time trend

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Observations

663,490

663,490

663,490

663,490

663,490

663,490

663,490

663,490

R-squared

0.416

0.416

0.523

0.523

0.506

0.506

0.526

0.526

  1. Notes: Injury rates are per 10,000 workers and fatality rates are per 100,000 workers. The sample includes only individuals aged 16 and older who are employed in the private or public sector, except for military personnel, and not self-employed. Regressions include a constant term and the personal and job characteristics shown in Tables 5 and 6. Observations are weighted using the individual weights in the EPA. Standard errors (in parentheses) are clustered on industry or occupation. * significant at 10% ** significant at 5%; *** significant at 1% in one-tailed or two-tailed tests.
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