Table 11 Production functions – nonlinearities and interactions
From: Do high-skill immigrants raise productivity? Evidence from Israeli manufacturing firms, 1990-1999
Levels, all available firms, 1993 and 1997 | First differences, all available firms, 1990-1993 and 1993-1997 | First differences, balanced sample, 1990-1993 and 1993-1997 | |
|---|---|---|---|
Nonlinearities in immigrant share | |||
  Share immigrants | 0.047(0.079) | 0.028 (0.085) | -0.036 (0.113) |
  Share immigrants square | -0.039 (0.097) | -0.132 (0.105) | 0.010 (0.166) |
  Industry dummies | 3 digit | 3 digit | 3 digit |
Immigrant share and firm size | |||
  Share immigrants × number employed 0-9 | 0.087 (0.067) | -0.110** (0.043) | -0.181 (0.124) |
  Share immigrants × number employed 10-49 | 0.011 (0.038) | -0.040 (0.042) | 0.007 (0.054) |
  Share immigrants × number employed 50-99 | 0.004 (0.049) | -0.050 (0.042) | -0.055 (0.046) |
  Share immigrants × number employed 100 + | -0.220** (0.065) | -0.056 (0.047) | -0.030 (0.060) |
  Industry dummies | 3 digit | 3 digit | 3 digit |
Immigrant share and technological intensity | |||
  Share immigrants × low tech industry | -0.104** (0.048) | -0.126** (0.032) | -0.175** (0.044) |
  Share immigrants × medium-low tech industry | -0.015 (0.049) | 0.065 (0.060) | 0.022 (0.061) |
  Share immigrants × medium-high tech industry | -0.034 (0.058) | 0.155** (0.061) | 0.060 (0.089) |
  Share immigrants × high tech industry | -0.044 (0.218) | -0.030 (0.117) | 0.311** (0.137) |
  Industry dummies | None | None | None |
Immigrant share and 1989-1990 average years of schooling in industry | |||
  Share immigrants × (average years of schooling ≤ 10.5) | 0.009 (0.059) | -0.123** (0.034) | -0.111 (0.077) |
  Share immigrants × (average years of schooling ∈ [10.5, 11.5) | -0.014 (0.042) | 0.045 (0.053) | -0.012 (0.057) |
  Share immigrants × (average years of schooling < 11.5 | -0.018 (0.067) | 0.063 (0.071) | 0.065 (0.084) |
Industry dummies | 2 digits | 2 digits | 2 digits |
Number of observations | 3,508 | 2,361 | 1,222 |