Migration and aspirations – are migrants trapped on a hedonic treadmill?

Czaika, Mathias; Vothknecht, Marc

doi:10.1186/2193-9039-3-1

Table 2 Determinants of aspirations: differences between migrants andnon-migrants

From: Migration and aspirations – are migrants trapped on a hedonic treadmill?

	1 year aspirations (2000 Survey)				5 year aspirations (2007 Survey)
DV: Aspiration gap	Full sample	Migrants	Non-migrants	Test	Full sample	Migrants	Non-migrants	Test
DV: Aspiration gap	(1)	(2)	(3)	(2) > (3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(5) > (6)
Past migration	0.04^** (0.002)				0.05^*** (0.000)
Age group: 25–39 years^a	-0.02 (0.178)	-0.04 (0.121)	-0.01 (0.481)	(0.153)	-0.09^*** (0.000)	-0.07^* (0.038)	-0.09^*** (0.000)	(0.669)
Age group: 40–65 years	-0.13^*** (0.000)	-0.14^** (0.002)	-0.13^*** (0.000)	(0.383)	-0.23^*** (0.000)	-0.27^*** (0.000)	-0.22^*** (0.000)	(0.207)
Age group: >65 years	-0.18^*** (0.000)	-0.28^** (0.002)	-0.17^*** (0.000)	(0.126)	-0.38^*** (0.000)	-0.41^*** (0.000)	-0.38^*** (0.000)	(0.393)
Men	-0.01 (0.265)	0.04 (0.143)	-0.02^* (0.045)	(0.985)	0.04^* (0.011)	0.04 (0.314)	0.04^* (0.023)	(0.498)
No education^b	-0.00 (0.781)	-0.0076 (0.908)	-0.00 (0.762)	(0.485)	-0.08^*** (0.000)	-0.16 (0.124)	-0.07^*** (0.001)	(0.189)
Junior high school	0.05^*** (0.000)	0.03 (0.368)	0.05^*** (0.000)	(0.212)	0.06^*** (0.000)	0.01 (0.753)	0.07^*** (0.000)	(0.121)
Senior high school	0.07^*** (0.000)	0.07^* (0.024)	0.07^*** (0.000)	(0.535)	0.12^*** (0.000)	0.07 (0.103)	0.13^*** (0.000)	(0.097)
Higher education	0.11^*** (0.000)	0.10^* (0.026)	0.13^*** (0.000)	(0.280)	0.20^*** (0.000)	0.15^** (0.005)	0.20^*** (0.000)	(0.189)
Edu gap:own vs. highest in the HH	-0.00 (0.921)	0.03 (0.115)	-0.00 (0.597)	(0.948)	0.01 (0.060)	-0.00 (0.838)	0.02^* (0.034)	(0.196)
Hours worked per week	0.00^*** (0.001)	0.00 (0.410)	0.00^*** (0.001)	(0.330)	0.00^* (0.016)	0.00 (0.166)	0.00 (0.071)	(0.717)
Total monthly income(ln)	0.00 (0.730)	-0.00 (0.433)	0.00 (0.450)	(0.176)	-0.00 (0.947)	-0.01^* (0.039)	0.00 (0.318)	(0.013)
Community participation	0.03^** (0.003)	0.01 (0.743)	0.04^** (0.002)	(0.218)	0.00 (0.842)	-0.00 (0.907)	0.00 (0.758)	(0.409)
Married	0.03^** (0.009)	0.08^** (0.003)	0.02 (0.206)	(0.984)	0.02 (0.121)	0.02 (0.575)	0.02 (0.168)	(0.462)
HH head	-0.03^* (0.035)	-0.08^* (0.018)	-0.02 (0.264)	(0.038)	-0.07^*** (0.000)	-0.07 (0.128)	-0.07^*** (0.000)	(0.551)
Age HH head: 40–65 years^a	0.02 (0.135)	0.03 (0.289)	0.01 (0.304)	(0.718)	-0.05^** (0.006)	-0.05 (0.198)	-0.04^* (0.021)	(0.407)
Age HH head: >65 years	0.01 (0.714)	0.02 (0.706)	0.00 (0.956)	(0.624)	-0.05^* (0.049)	-0.11 (0.108)	-0.04 (0.166)	(0.146)
HH expenditure – 1^st quantile^c	0.01 (0.357)	0.0 (0.915)	0.01 (0.365)	(0.419)	-0.05^*** (0.000)	-0.06 (0.142)	-0.05^** (0.001)	(0.383)
HH expenditure – 4^th quantile	0.01 (0.200)	-0.01 (0.783)	0.02 (0.118)	(0.181)	0.02 (0.285)	-0.01 (0.738)	0.02 (0.167)	(0.173)
Household with farm income	0.01 (0.542)	0.00 (0.952)	0.01 (0.465)	(0.417)	0.02 (0.113)	0.05 (0.175)	0.02 (0.280)	(0.804)
Household with non-farm business	0.02^* (0.013)	0.03 (0.260)	0.02^* (0.033)	(0.599)	0.04^** (0.003)	0.04 (0.178)	0.03^* (0.011)	(0.626)
Female headed HH	-0.00 (0.787)	-0.02 (0.484)	-0.00 (0.802)	(0.307)	0.04^* (0.018)	0.05 (0.205)	0.04^* (0.048)	(0.605)
HH adults	-0.00 (0.411)	-0.01^* (0.024)	-0.00 (0.934)	(0.019)	0.00 (0.492)	0.01 (0.139)	0.00 (0.823)	(0.880)
HH children age 0-4	0.01 (0.059)	-0.01 (0.396)	0.02^* (0.019)	(0.045)	0.02^* (0.045)	0.01 (0.614)	0.02 (0.067)	(0.402)
HH children age 5-9	-0.00 (0.538)	0.02 (0.165)	-0.01 (0.221)	(0.962)	0.02^* (0.045)	-0.00 (0.875)	0.02^* (0.016)	(0.136)
HH children age 10-14	0.00 (0.935)	-0.04^** (0.008)	0.01 (0.268)	(0.002)	-0.00 (0.785)	-0.05^* (0.047)	0.00 (0.597)	(0.029)
Household with TV	0.01 (0.277)	0.03 (0.244)	0.01 (0.472)	(0.792)	-0.00 (0.801)	-0.00 (0.924)	-0.00 (0.921)	(0.481)
Rural HH	0.00 (0.899)	0.00 (0.886)	0.00 (0.836)	(0.520)	0.01 (0.355)	0.02 (0.612)	0.01 (0.464)	(0.570)
Average HH asset value	0.00 (0.868)	0.01 (0.512)	-0.00 (0.750)	(0.770)	-0.01 (0.104)	-0.01 (0.713)	-0.02 (0.079)	(0.751)
Ethnic fractionalization	0.04 (0.135)	-0.03 (0.538)	0.06^* (0.033)	(0.067)	-0.03 (0.401)	-0.03 (0.685)	-0.01 (0.801)	(0.394)
Constant	0.28^** (0.003)	0.29 (0.081)	0.32^** (0.006)		0.96^*** (0.000)	0.92^*** (0.000)	1.01^*** (0.000)
Province dummies	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
N	23109	3747	19362		20717	3598	17119
R ²	0.043	0.055	0.042		0.085	0.077	0.081
adj. R²	0.041	0.043	0.040		0.082	0.065	0.079
AIC	41654.6	7165.8	34470.2		45748.3	8302.7	37463.4

Notes: p-values in parentheses. Significance levels:^*p < 0.05,^**p < 0.01,^***p < 0.001. Not reported controlvariables (not significant): Job occupation (private worker, self-employed,unpaid family work, government).

Back to article page