| |
Geographic areas that
|
Geographic areas that
|
DD
|
|---|
| |
Implemented these programs
|
Never implemented these programs
| |
|---|
|
Panel A: Police-based initiatives (287(g) and secure communities)
|
| |
Pre-2002
|
Post-2002
|
DT
|
Pre-2002
|
Post-2002
|
DC
|
(DT-DC)
|
|
Remitting likelihood
|
0.624
|
0.751
|
0.127***
|
0.645
|
0.833
|
0.188***
|
−0.061*
|
|
(0.485)
|
(0.433)
|
(0.021)
|
(0.479)
|
(0.374)
|
(0.034)
|
(0.040)
|
|
N
|
4119
|
486
|
4605
|
994
|
156
|
1150
|
5755
|
|
$ amount remitted
|
324.877
|
291.895
|
−32.983**
|
286.678
|
361.4
|
74.723*
|
−107.705**
|
|
(505.37)
|
(314.294)
|
(19.223)
|
(255.798)
|
(637.767)
|
(56.701)
|
(59.831)
|
|
N
|
2569
|
365
|
2934
|
641
|
130
|
771
|
3705
|
|
Panel B: Employment-based initiatives (E-Verify)
|
| |
Pre-2006
|
Post-2006
|
DT
|
Pre-2006
|
Post-2006
|
DC
|
(DT-DC)
|
|
Remitting likelihood
|
0.808
|
0.742
|
−0.066
|
0.665
|
0.778
|
0.113**
|
−0.178**
|
|
(0.395)
|
(0.445)
|
(0.083)
|
(0.472)
|
(0.420)
|
(0.058)
|
(0.101)
|
|
N
|
265
|
31
|
296
|
1096
|
54
|
1150
|
1446
|
|
$ amount remitted
|
347.620
|
178.184
|
−169.44***
|
303.187
|
231.406
|
−71.781**
|
−97.654**
|
|
(361.366)
|
(130.653)
|
(36.448)
|
(356.273)
|
(238.938)
|
(38.791)
|
(53.191)
|
|
N
|
214
|
23
|
237
|
729
|
42
|
771
|
1008
|
- Samples: To avoid the overlap of the two types of policies being examined, the sample in Panel A excludes migrants from the geographic areas that eventually adopt E-Verify, whereas the sample in Panel B excludes migrants from geographic areas that ultimately adopt 287(g) or Secure Communities.
- Note: Standard deviations and standard errors (for the difference and difference-in-difference estimates) in parentheses. ***, **, *denote 1%, 5%, and 10% significance levels at the corresponding one-tail and two-tail tests. DT stands for the difference in remitting patterns among migrants in treated localities –localities adopting the examined measures, whereas DC represents differences in remitting patterns among migrants in control localities –localities that do not adopt any of the policies.
