Why do migrants remit? Testing hypotheses for the case of Morocco

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the sample

	All households		Recipient households		Non- recipient households
	Mean	Std.Dev.	Mean	Std.Dev.	Mean	Std.Dev.
Average household expenditure	56,887	54,560	72,756	59,171	54,025	53,190
Average expenditure per person	13,117	15,098	17,305	15,991	12,362	14,807
Food expenditure	24,441	15,804	24,612	16,222	24,410	15,729
Educational expenditure	2,096	5,782	2,899	5,749	1,993	5,779
Health expenditure	2,786	6,065	2,865	7,149	2,773	5,870
Household size	5.144	2.433	4.942	2.438	5.181	2.430
Age of household head	51.64	14.00	55.93	15.10	50.87	13.65
Household head is a male	0.824	0.380	0.736	0.441	0.841	0.366
Proportion of household members with
Primary	0.2662	0.232	0.2516	0.236	0.2688	0.231
Middle secondary education	0.1382	0.138	0.1617	0.196	0.1340	0.181
High secondary education	0.0780	0.078	0.0972	0.167	0.0745	0.154
Higher education	0.0492	0.049	0.0494	0.125	0.0492	0.140
Mothers’ education
Never enrolled	0.746	0 .434	0.676	0 .468	0 .755	0 .429
Primary and middle secondary education	0.190	0 .392	0 .246	0 .431	0.183	0 .387
High secondary education	0.037	0 .190	0.050	0 .219	0.036	0 .185
Higher education	0.025	0 .156	0.026	0.159	0.024	0 .155
Household lives in rural area	0.395	0.489	0.325	0.4687	0.407	0.491
Household owns a land	0.296	0.456	0.268	0.443	0.300	0.458
Household owns a production unit	0.207	0.405	0.207	0.405	0.207	0.405
Proportion of actives	0.366	0.260	0.294	0.257	0.379	0.258
Number of observations	7,062		1,079		5,983