|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
---|
VARIABLES
|
Spec1
|
Spec2
|
Spec3
|
Male
|
Female
|
---|
Overedjob1
|
−0.00
|
−0.00
|
−0.00
|
−0.01
|
−0.00
|
|
(0.014)
|
(0.014)
|
(0.014)
|
(0.023)
|
(0.017)
|
Overskilljob1
|
−0.02*
|
−0.02*
|
−0.02
|
−0.02
|
−0.02
|
|
(0.013)
|
(0.013)
|
(0.013)
|
(0.020)
|
(0.017)
|
Overed now
|
−0.17***
|
−0.17***
|
−0.18***
|
−0.18***
|
−0.18***
|
|
(0.018)
|
(0.018)
|
(0.018)
|
(0.032)
|
(0.023)
|
Overskilled now
|
−0.28***
|
−0.28***
|
−0.28***
|
−0.28***
|
−0.27***
|
|
(0.016)
|
(0.016)
|
(0.017)
|
(0.026)
|
(0.022)
|
overed*Estab migrant
| | |
0.12
|
0.31
|
0.06
|
| | |
(0.098)
|
(0.193)
|
(0.117)
|
overskill*Estab migrant
| | |
−0.01
|
−0.11
|
0.03
|
| | |
(0.085)
|
(0.157)
|
(0.101)
|
Overed*new migrant
| | |
0.01
|
−0.06
|
0.02
|
| | |
(0.205)
|
(0.291)
|
(0.284)
|
Oversk*new migrant
| | |
−0.15
| |
−0.04
|
| | |
(0.157)
| |
(0.182)
|
Male
|
−0.02*
|
−0.02*
|
−0.01
| | |
|
(0.009)
|
(0.009)
|
(0.010)
| | |
Labour exp
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.00*
|
0.00**
|
0.00
|
|
(0.000)
|
(0.000)
|
(0.000)
|
(0.001)
|
(0.001)
|
Age
|
−0.00***
|
−0.00***
|
−0.01***
|
−0.01***
|
−0.00*
|
|
(0.001)
|
(0.001)
|
(0.002)
|
(0.003)
|
(0.002)
|
Years HE
|
−0.01**
|
−0.01**
|
−0.01**
|
0.00
|
−0.02***
|
|
(0.005)
|
(0.005)
|
(0.005)
|
(0.009)
|
(0.007)
|
Humanities
|
0.05***
|
0.05***
|
0.05***
|
0.05*
|
0.05***
|
|
(0.014)
|
(0.014)
|
(0.015)
|
(0.030)
|
(0.017)
|
Social
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
(0.013)
|
(0.013)
|
(0.013)
|
(0.024)
|
(0.016)
|
Science
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.03
|
0.02
|
|
(0.017)
|
(0.017)
|
(0.017)
|
(0.027)
|
(0.022)
|
Engineering
|
−0.00
|
−0.00
|
−0.00
|
0.01
|
−0.02
|
|
(0.016)
|
(0.016)
|
(0.016)
|
(0.024)
|
(0.024)
|
Unemploy hist
|
−0.03***
|
−0.03***
|
−0.03***
|
−0.03*
|
−0.03**
|
|
(0.010)
|
(0.010)
|
(0.010)
|
(0.016)
|
(0.013)
|
Migrant
|
−0.07***
| | | | |
|
(0.023)
| | | | |
Estab migrant
| |
−0.04
|
−0.05*
|
0.03
|
−0.10**
|
| |
(0.028)
|
(0.031)
|
(0.054)
|
(0.039)
|
New migrant
| |
−0.13***
|
−0.12***
|
−0.09
|
−0.14***
|
| |
(0.039)
|
(0.041)
|
(0.068)
|
(0.051)
|
Course employer
|
0.04***
|
0.04***
|
0.04***
|
0.05***
|
0.03***
|
|
(0.009)
|
(0.009)
|
(0.009)
|
(0.015)
|
(0.012)
|
Course prestige
|
0.04***
|
0.03***
|
0.03***
|
0.04***
|
0.02
|
|
(0.010)
|
(0.010)
|
(0.010)
|
(0.016)
|
(0.014)
|
Vocational course
|
0.03***
|
0.03***
|
0.03***
|
0.03**
|
0.03**
|
|
(0.010)
|
(0.010)
|
(0.010)
|
(0.015)
|
(0.013)
|
Fieldmatchnow
|
0.06***
|
0.06***
|
0.05***
|
0.04*
|
0.06***
|
|
(0.015)
|
(0.015)
|
(0.015)
|
(0.025)
|
(0.020)
|
Fieldrelatednow
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.00
|
0.01
|
|
(0.014)
|
(0.014)
|
(0.014)
|
(0.022)
|
(0.017)
|
Hours
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
(0.001)
|
(0.001)
|
(0.001)
|
(0.001)
|
(0.001)
|
R&D Firm
|
0.11***
|
0.11***
|
0.11***
|
0.13***
|
0.11***
|
|
(0.009)
|
(0.009)
|
(0.009)
|
(0.014)
|
(0.012)
|
Size 50-99
|
−0.01
|
−0.01
|
−0.01
|
0.01
|
−0.03
|
|
(0.017)
|
(0.017)
|
(0.017)
|
(0.029)
|
(0.022)
|
Size 100–249
|
−0.02
|
−0.02
|
−0.02
|
−0.01
|
−0.03
|
|
(0.015)
|
(0.015)
|
(0.016)
|
(0.027)
|
(0.020)
|
Size 250–999
|
−0.02*
|
−0.02*
|
−0.02*
|
−0.02
|
−0.03
|
|
(0.014)
|
(0.014)
|
(0.014)
|
(0.023)
|
(0.017)
|
Size 1000+
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
−0.00
|
0.00
|
−0.01
|
|
(0.011)
|
(0.011)
|
(0.011)
|
(0.018)
|
(0.015)
|
Public sector
|
0.09***
|
0.09***
|
0.09***
|
0.09***
|
0.10***
|
|
(0.010)
|
(0.010)
|
(0.010)
|
(0.018)
|
(0.013)
|
N of employers
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
−0.00
|
0.00
|
−0.00
|
|
(0.002)
|
(0.002)
|
(0.002)
|
(0.004)
|
(0.003)
|
Supervisor
|
0.02***
|
0.02***
|
0.02**
|
0.04***
|
0.01
|
|
(0.009)
|
(0.009)
|
(0.009)
|
(0.015)
|
(0.012)
|
Italy
|
−0.13***
|
−0.13***
|
−0.11***
|
−0.09**
|
−0.11***
|
|
(0.021)
|
(0.021)
|
(0.029)
|
(0.043)
|
(0.040)
|
Spain
|
−0.05***
|
−0.05***
|
−0.04
|
−0.03
|
−0.04
|
|
(0.020)
|
(0.020)
|
(0.024)
|
(0.036)
|
(0.033)
|
France
|
−0.03
|
−0.03
|
−0.02
|
−0.01
|
−0.02
|
|
(0.024)
|
(0.024)
|
(0.025)
|
(0.040)
|
(0.034)
|
Austria
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.04
|
0.05
|
0.02
|
|
(0.024)
|
(0.024)
|
(0.024)
|
(0.035)
|
(0.035)
|
Netherlands
|
−0.07***
|
−0.07***
|
−0.07***
|
−0.08**
|
−0.07**
|
|
(0.021)
|
(0.021)
|
(0.021)
|
(0.031)
|
(0.029)
|
UK
|
−0.09***
|
−0.09***
|
−0.11***
|
−0.14**
|
−0.12**
|
|
(0.025)
|
(0.025)
|
(0.037)
|
(0.059)
|
(0.048)
|
Finland
|
−0.11***
|
−0.11***
|
−0.09***
|
−0.07*
|
−0.10***
|
|
(0.021)
|
(0.021)
|
(0.024)
|
(0.037)
|
(0.034)
|
Norway
|
−0.06***
|
−0.06***
|
−0.06***
|
−0.03
|
−0.08***
|
|
(0.021)
|
(0.021)
|
(0.021)
|
(0.031)
|
(0.030)
|
Portugal
|
−0.16***
|
−0.16***
|
−0.15***
|
−0.14**
|
−0.14***
|
|
(0.033)
|
(0.033)
|
(0.036)
|
(0.059)
|
(0.047)
|
Belgium
|
−0.04
|
−0.04
|
−0.02
|
−0.03
|
−0.01
|
|
(0.024)
|
(0.024)
|
(0.028)
|
(0.041)
|
(0.039)
|
Scores
| | |
0.50
|
1.44*
|
0.35
|
| | |
(0.486)
|
(0.824)
|
(0.621)
|
Constant
|
0.26***
|
0.25***
|
0.26***
|
0.20**
|
0.28***
|
|
(0.057)
|
(0.057)
|
(0.057)
|
(0.101)
|
(0.070)
|
Pseudo R2
|
0.092
|
0.092
|
0.092
|
0.095
|
0.093
|
Observations
|
13,342
|
13,342
|
13,342
|
5246
|
8091
|
- Standard errors in parentheses
- ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1