Born abroad and educated here: examining the impacts of education and skill mismatch among immigrant graduates in Europe

McGuinness, Seamus; Byrne, Delma

doi:10.1186/s40176-015-0039-6

Table 2 Probability of overeducation (probit, marginal effects)

From: Born abroad and educated here: examining the impacts of education and skill mismatch among immigrant graduates in Europe

	(1)	(2)	(3)
VARIABLES	Spec1	Spec1	Spec1
Overedjob1	0.07***	0.07***	0.07***
	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Overskilljob1	−0.01***	−0.01***	−0.01***
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Male	0.00	0.00	0.00
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Labour exp	−0.00***	−0.00***	−0.00***
	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)
Age	0.00**	0.00**	0.00**
	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)
Years HE	−0.01***	−0.01***	−0.01***
	(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.002)
Humanities	−0.00	−0.00	−0.00
	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Social	−0.00	−0.00	−0.00
	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Science	−0.00	−0.00	−0.00
	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.005)
Engineering	−0.00	−0.00	−0.00
	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.005)
Unemploy hist	0.01***	0.01***	0.01***
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Migrant	−0.00
	(0.007)
Estab migrant		0.00
		(0.008)
New migrant		−0.01
		(0.012)
EU 15			−0.00
			(0.010)
EU other			0.03
			(0.023)
High income			−0.05
			(0.030)
Rest of world			0.00
			(0.010)
Course employer	0.00	0.00	0.00
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Course prestige	−0.01***	−0.01***	−0.01***
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Vocational course	0.00	0.00	0.00
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Fieldmatchnow	−0.09***	−0.09***	−0.09***
	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.005)
Fieldrelatednow	−0.08***	−0.08***	−0.08***
	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Hours	−0.00**	−0.00**	−0.00**
	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)
R&D Firm	−0.01***	−0.01***	−0.01***
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Size 50–99	−0.01***	−0.01***	−0.01***
	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.005)
Size 100–249	−0.01**	−0.01**	−0.01**
	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.005)
Size 250–999	−0.00	−0.00	−0.00
	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Size 1000+	−0.01*	−0.01*	−0.01*
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Public sector	−0.01***	−0.01***	−0.01***
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
N of employers	0.00*	0.00*	0.00*
	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)
Supervisor	−0.02***	−0.02***	−0.02***
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Italy	0.03***	0.03***	0.03***
	(0.006)	(0.006)	(0.006)
Spain	0.01	0.01	0.01
	(0.006)	(0.006)	(0.006)
France	−0.04***	−0.04***	−0.04***
	(0.008)	(0.008)	(0.008)
Austria	0.02**	0.02**	0.02***
	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)
Netherlands	−0.02**	−0.02**	−0.02**
	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)
UK	−0.02**	−0.02**	−0.01**
	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)
Finland	−0.01	−0.01	−0.01
	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)
Norway	−0.01*	−0.01*	−0.01*
	(0.008)	(0.008)	(0.008)
Portugal	0.02*	0.02*	0.02*
	(0.010)	(0.010)	(0.010)
Belgium	−0.04***	−0.04***	−0.04***
	(0.010)	(0.010)	(0.010)
Constant	0.01	0.01	0.01
	(0.016)	(0.016)	(0.016)
Pseudo R²	0.394	0.394	0.395
Observations	13,342	13,342	13,342

Standard errors in parentheses
*** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1

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