Panel A | |||||
Drop California | Normit, birth rate | Normit, LFP rate | Tetrachoric, birth and LFP | Normit, joint likelihood of birth and LFP | |
Direct | Indirect | ||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
Share working age low-skilled immigrant (LSI) | 3.438** | −3.269*** | 1.767** | 3.601** | |
(1.613) | (1.099) | (0.683) | (1.493) | ||
Mean of Underlying Dependent Variable, 2000 | 0.0712 | 0.834 | −0.331 | 0.0458 | 0.0458 |
Effect of Average Change in LSI, 1980–2000 | 0.0116 | −0.0220 | 0.0482 | 0.00796 | 0.00775 |
Proportion Explained by Weakened Correlation | 0.3 | ||||
Number of Observations | 648 | 648 | 648 | 648 | |
Panel B | |||||
Three age groups | Normit, birth rate | Normit, LFP rate | Tetrachoric, birth and LFP | Normit, joint likelihood of birth and LFP | |
Direct | Indirect | ||||
6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
Share Working Age Low-Skilled Immigrant (LSI) | 2.278** | −0.912* | 0.930* | 1.989** | |
(0.902) | (0.470) | (0.516) | (0.953) | ||
Mean of Underlying Dependent Variable, 2000 | 0.0701 | 0.834 | −0.312 | 0.0451 | 0.0451 |
Effect of Average Change in LSI, 1980–2000 | 0.00494 | 0.00640 | |||
Proportion Explained by Weakened Correlation | 0.213 | ||||
Number of Observations | 1062 | 1062 | 1062 | 1062 | |
Panel C | |||||
Marriage and LFP | Normit, marriage rate | Normit, LFP rate | Tetrachoric, marriage and LFP | Normit, joint likelihood of marriage and LFP | |
Direct | Indirect | ||||
11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
Share Working Age Low-Skilled Immigrant (LSI) | 0.109 | −1.756*** | 0.349 | −0.732 | |
(0.536) | (0.578) | (0.282) | (0.673) | ||
Mean of Underlying Dependent Variable, 2000 | 0.578 | 0.834 | −0.368 | 0.446 | 0.446 |
Effect of Average Change in LSI, 1980–2000 | 0.00129 | −0.0138 | 0.0111 | −0.00899 | −0.00839 |
Proportion Explained by Weakened Correlation | −0.104 | ||||
Number of Observations | 708 | 708 | 708 | 708 |