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Table 1 National Institutional Quality Index (RL) and ECCE index (ECCE)

From: Monitoring, endogenous comparative advantage, and immigration

Countries/Territories

RL

ECCE

Countries/Territories

RL

ECCE

ALBANIA

−0.44

0.952

LUXEMBOURG

1.83

0.964

ALGERIA

−0.75

0.950

MACAO SAR, CHINA

0.70

0.989

ARGENTINA

−0.62

0.954

MALTA

1.44

0.835

ARMENIA

−0.47

0.977

MAURITIUS

0.86

0.980

AUSTRALIA

1.76

0.990

MEXICO

−0.58

0.960

AZERBAIJAN

−0.85

0.964

MONGOLIA

−0.39

0.941

BELARUS

−1.04

0.997

MOROCCO

−0.16

0.939

BELGIUM

1.37

0.965

NAMIBIA

0.19

0.915

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

−0.37

0.987

NETHERLANDS

1.81

0.990

BOTSWANA

0.67

0.966

NEW ZEALAND

1.87

0.990

BULGARIA

−0.10

0.974

NORWAY

1.92

0.995

CROATIA

0.17

0.991

PANAMA

−0.10

0.946

CUBA

−0.66

0.970

PERU

−0.60

0.932

CYPRUS

1.20

0.954

POLAND

0.66

0.980

DENMARK

1.90

0.997

PORTUGAL

1.04

0.990

EGYPT, ARAB REP.

−0.12

0.972

QATAR

0.95

0.955

ESTONIA

1.13

0.988

ROMANIA

0.04

0.971

FIJI

−0.85

0.943

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

−0.77

0.961

FINLAND

1.98

0.997

SAMOA

0.65

0.964

FRANCE

1.51

0.990

SAUDI ARABIA

0.26

0.939

GEORGIA

−0.21

0.964

SERBIA

−0.40

0.986

GERMANY

1.62

0.962

SLOVENIA

0.98

0.996

HUNGARY

0.75

0.977

SPAIN

1.16

0.997

ICELAND

1.70

0.990

SURINAME

−0.10

0.941

IRELAND

1.77

0.993

SWAZILAND

−0.49

0.962

ISRAEL

0.90

0.990

SWEDEN

1.96

0.995

ITALY

0.38

0.996

SWITZERLAND

1.77

0.990

JAMAICA

−0.50

0.961

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

−0.50

0.946

JAPAN

1.33

1.000

TUNISIA

0.12

0.961

KOREA, DEM. REP.

0.99

0.994

TURKEY

0.12

0.918

KUWAIT

0.60

0.960

UKRAINE

−0.81

0.977

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

−1.28

0.976

UNITED KINGDOM

1.76

0.990

LEBANON

−0.69

0.953

UNITED STATES

1.63

0.990

LITHUANIA

0.75

0.983

VENEZUELA, RB

−1.64

0.938

  1. RL is the Rule of Law index, which reflects perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the quality of contract enforcement, the courts, etc.… -2.5≤RL≤2.5 (Rule of Law) index is taken from Kaufmann, Kray and Mastruzzi (2010), Available online at: http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.aspx#reports.
  2. Kaufmann et al. (2010) construct the RL index as a weighted average of other indexes and indicators form sources such as: World economic forum global competitiveness survey, Global integrity index, World bank country policy and institutional assessments, Institute for management development world competitiveness yearbook, Global insight business risk and conditions, Economist intelligence unit, etc.…, We present the RL index for those countries that we can make cross-country comparisons, meaning that for each pair-wise comparison of RL index across countries, 90% confidence intervals do not overlap, signaling statistically significant differences in the RL index across countries.
  3. ECCE denotes the best available proxy for the quality of ECCE, and it is measured by the survival rate to grade 5.
  4. 0≤ECCE≤1 (survival rate to grade 5) index is taken from "Education for all, Global Monitoring Report,- 2012 Youth, Skills & Work. Available online at: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/efareport/statistics/efa-development-index/ECCE index (survival rate to grade 5) is considered the best proxy available for measuring the quality of national ECCE system. In the abstence of comparable indicators on ECCE quality, the survival rate is used as proxy because of its positive correlation with average international learning assesment scores. For more, see: Mullis et al. (2009), Martin et al. (2008, 2012, 2013), and Education for all, Global Monitoring Report (2012)
  5. We have data only for 64 countries because of the missmach on data availability from both sources.
  6. All the data are for the year 2010 (ECCE for the school year ending in 2010) because this is the latest year that we can get the data from both sources.
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