Table 11 Bivariate Tobit estimates of hours worked by gender, urban and rural households

Ln(remittances + 1)

−0.3619*

−0.3828*

−0.7038***

−1.0878*

(0.1471)

(0.1546)

(0.0499)

(0.4502)

Age

0.4090***

0.3091***

0.2605***

0.7861***

(0.0497)

(0.0458)

(0.0402)

(0.0939)

Male

0.3826*

0.2710

(0.1838)

(0.5159)

Household income per capita

0.0004*

0.0003

0.0001

0.0008**

(0.0002)

(0.0002)

(0.0003)

(0.0003)

Poverty indicator

−0.0209

−0.3483

0.5829*

−2.7517***

(0.2763)

(0.2942)

(0.2941)

(0.5588)

Rural

2.9289***

2.4878***

(0.2527)

(0.2553)

HH age

0.0085

0.0067

0.0228**

−0.0047

(0.0092)

(0.0087)

(0.0077)

(0.0251)

HH female

0.0729

0.5071

0.2346

1.3522

(0.2972)

(0.2933)

(0.2378)

(0.7940)

HH married

0.1473

0.3548

0.4647**

−0.8779

(0.2152)

(0.2159)

(0.1758)

(0.4511)

Max education

−0.0678*

−0.0325

0.0391

−0.2169**

(0.0330)

(0.0328)

(0.0279)

(0.0698)

Children 0–5

0.0924

−0.0957

−0.0865

0.6800*

(0.1128)

(0.1122)

(0.0810)

(0.3010)

Boys 6–17

0.0903

0.1825

−0.0503

0.8560***

(0.1088)

(0.1127)

(0.0913)

(0.2353)

Girls 6–17

0.2075

0.3842***

0.0505

1.1363***

(0.1099)

(0.1018)

(0.0886)

(0.2580)

Spanish first language

−1.5095***

−1.9637***

−1.4282***

−2.6289*

(0.2391)

(0.2538)

(0.1703)

(1.1791)

Wealth index

−0.1980**

−0.2239**

−0.1761**

0.0293

(0.0653)

(0.0711)

(0.0537)

(0.1738)

Constant

−6.7260***

−5.9101***

−3.7725***

−12.2943***

(0.7629)

(0.8138)

(0.6351)

(2.3495)

Number

2758

2593

2036

3315

χ ²

1569.4078

1579.3853

858.4691

411.7604