Table 1 Summary statistics
From: Skill composition of immigration flows and the measurement of education-occupation mismatch
New Zealand-born | Immigrants | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not employed | Self-employed or missing occupation | Dropped from analysis (first two columns) | Analysis sample | Not employed | Self-employed or missing occupation | Dropped from analysis (first two columns) | Analysis sample | |
Female | 67.0 % | 36.2 % | 51.9 % | 51.0 % | 65.4 % | 39.8 % | 55.1 % | 48.8 % |
Mean Age | 43.9 | 44.8 | 44.3 | 41.1 | 44.7 | 44.9 | 44.8 | 42.0 |
Mean years in New Zealand | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 15.9 | 19.6 | 17.4 | 17.8 |
No qualification | 41.9 % | 22.9 % | 32.6 % | 23.1 % | 24.2 % | 13.7 % | 20.0 % | 12.8 % |
School certificate | 14.2 % | 15.8 % | 15.0 % | 15.6 % | 4.0 % | 4.4 % | 4.2 % | 5.2 % |
6th form/UB/higher school | 11.1 % | 13.8 % | 12.4 % | 14.8 % | 4.4 % | 5.5 % | 4.8 % | 6.1 % |
Overseas school qual | 0.2 % | 0.2 % | 0.2 % | 0.2 % | 24.5 % | 21.3 % | 23.2 % | 17.8 % |
Post-school certificate | 9.0 % | 15.8 % | 12.3 % | 13.7 % | 7.3 % | 11.8 % | 9.1 % | 12.0 % |
Post-school diploma | 7.0 % | 11.0 % | 9.0 % | 12.8 % | 7.3 % | 9.7 % | 8.3 % | 12.5 % |
Bachelor degree | 4.3 % | 8.3 % | 6.3 % | 10.2 % | 10.7 % | 13.0 % | 11.6 % | 16.2 % |
Higher degree | 1.4 % | 3.2 % | 2.3 % | 4.3 % | 5.4 % | 8.2 % | 6.6 % | 11.3 % |
Not elsewhere included | 10.9 % | 8.9 % | 9.9 % | 5.4 % | 12.2 % | 12.3 % | 12.2 % | 6.3 % |
Mean years of education | 11.58 | 12.34 | 11.95 | 12.44 | 11.47 | 12.33 | 11.81 | 12.81 |
Mean year of NZ education | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1.38 | 2.30 | 1.75 | 2.60 |
Non-family | 26.4 % | 16.2 % | 21.4 % | 21.5 % | 19.5 % | 14.7 % | 17.6 % | 18.2 % |
Couple without children | 21.3 % | 29.4 % | 25.3 % | 27.4 % | 23.0 % | 26.1 % | 24.3 % | 27.2 % |
Couple with children | 33.9 % | 49.2 % | 41.4 % | 43.1 % | 45.8 % | 54.3 % | 49.2 % | 48.6 % |
Single with children | 18.4 % | 5.3 % | 11.9 % | 8.0 % | 11.7 % | 4.9 % | 9.0 % | 6.0 % |
Employed | N/A | N/A | 49.1 % | 100 % | N/A | N/A | 40.1 % | 100 % |
Self-employed in main job | N/A | 79.9 % | 39.2 % | 0 % | N/A | 74.6 % | 29.9 % | 0 % |
Mean weekly work hours | N/A | 42.36 | N/A | 38.42 | N/A | 40.51 | N/A | 38.32 |
Multiple jobs | N/A | 12.5 % | 6.1 % | 8.7 % | N/A | 10.1 % | 4.0 % | 6.8 % |
Mean individual income | 13,224 | 42,942 | 27,814 | 39,022 | 11,519 | 35,926 | 21,314 | 40,608 |
Year = 1996 | 36.5 % | 32.0 % | 34.3 % | 30.4 % | 31.2 % | 27.5 % | 29.7 % | 26.1 % |
Year = 2001 | 33.8 % | 33.3 % | 33.6 % | 33.5 % | 33.4 % | 32.1 % | 32.9 % | 30.9 % |
Year = 2006 | 29.7 % | 34.7 % | 32.1 % | 36.1 % | 35.4 % | 40.4 % | 37.4 % | 43.0 % |
Percentage of population | 22.7 % | 21.8 % | 44.5 % | 55.5 % | 29.2 % | 19.6 % | 48.7 % | 51.3 % |
Number of individuals | 967,416 | 932,952 | 1,900,368 | 2,370,054 | 368,916 | 247,317 | 616,233 | 648,408 |