Table 6 Annual wages and immigration: state-specific IV estimates

(1)

Prop. Southern

−0.308

−0.448

−1.134***

0.269

Prop. Southern black

−2.212*

0.584

−2.443**

1.155**

(0.494)

(0.394)

(0.307)

(0.288)

(1.160)

(0.834)

(1.112)

(0.503)

Observations

2081

104,029

1029

39,219

Prop. Southern white

0.694

−0.841***

−0.347

−0.303**

Clusters

26

80

22

80

(0.765)

(0.291)

(0.545)

(0.149)

Observations

2081

104,029

1029

39,219

Clusters

26

80

22

80

(2)

Prop. Southern

−0.804***

0.121

−1.348***

0.325

Prop. Southern black

−4.391***

1.518***

−2.803*

1.091**

(0.307)

(0.259)

(0.365)

(0.308)

(1.325)

(0.419)

(1.522)

(0.460)

Observations

2081

101,339

1029

36,413

Prop. Southern white

0.809*

−0.644***

−0.640

−0.195

Clusters

26

75

22

62

(0.486)

(0.219)

(0.444)

(0.276)

Observations

2081

101,339

1029

36,413

Clusters

26

75

22

62

(3)

Prop. Southern

−1.570***

0.260

Prop. Southern black

−2.057***

1.067***

(0.233)

(0.198)

(0.702)

(0.309)

Observations

1 029

38,078

Prop. Southern white

−1.300***

−0.240*

Clusters

22

75

(0.446)

(0.125)

Observations

1029

38,078

Clusters

22

75

(4)

Prop. Southern

−1.650***

0.244

Prop. Southern black

−4.907***

0.370

(0.331)

(0.198)

(1.335)

(0.461)

Observations

1029

35,644

Prop. Southern white

0.0116

0.160

Clusters

22

59

(0.471)

(0.195)

Observations

1029

35,644

Clusters

22

59