Gender and racial differences in peer effects of limited English students: a story of language or ethnicity?

Table 4 Effect of increase in LE share and share Latino on achievement by race

	Math		Reading
	Black	White	Black	White
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
Panel A: share of limited English (only)
Share of limited English	−0.057	−0.041	−0.078	−0.043
Share of limited English	(0.068)	(0.062)	(0.061)	(0.042)
Panel B: race composition of peers (only)
Share of Latino	−0.017	−0.025	−0.030	−0.069**
Share of Latino	(0.055)	(0.047)	(0.047)	(0.034)
Panel C: share of limited English and racial composition of peers
Share of limited English	−0.118	−0.035	−0.128*	−0.002
Share of limited English	(0.083)	(0.078)	(0.057)	(0.052)
Share of Latino	0.040	−0.010	0.032	−0.068
Share of Latino	(0.063)	(0.060)	(0.041)	(0.041)
F test of joint significance	(0.286)	(0.488)	(0.135)	(0.109)
Observations	939,173	1,983,408	931,381	1,975,386

Notes: This table summarizes the estimates of the impact of LE shares and share of Latino peers on test scores from 12 separate estimations using school-by-year fixed effects. In all specifications, we control for the previous year z-score for the same subject of the dependent variable, own gender, and other variables highlighted under Table 3. Setup of panels A, B, and C is same as Table 3. The estimated coefficients for all variables are available upon request. Robust clustered standard errors in parentheses and clustered at the school-year grade level
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.10