From: Is the lower return to immigrants’ foreign schooling a postarrival problem in Canada?
(1) Native-born | (2) Immigrants—CE | (3) Immigrants–FE | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coef. | P > |z| | Coef. | P > |z| | Coef. | P > |z| | |
Degrees | ||||||
Trades | Base | Base | Base | |||
Registered apprenticeship | 0.0437 | 0.000 | 0.0109 | 0.480 | −0.0511 | 0.022 |
College—less than 1 year | −0.0053 | 0.551 | −0.024 | 0.179 | −0.1999 | 0.543 |
College—1 to 2 years | 0.0357 | 0.000 | 0.0166 | 0.280 | −0.0265 | 0.174 |
College—more than 2 years | 0.0787 | 0.000 | 0.0549 | 0.001 | −0.0156 | 0.399 |
University—below bachelor’s | 0.1039 | 0.000 | 0.0628 | 0.004 | 0.0283 | 0.191 |
Bachelor’s | 0.1819 | 0.000 | 0.1471 | 0.000 | 0.0433 | 0.052 |
Above bachelor’s less than Master’s | 0.2234 | 0.000 | 0.1861 | 0.000 | 0.0802 | 0.002 |
Medicine, dentistry, veterinary, optometry | 0.1080 | 0.071 | 0.1833 | 0.007 | 0.0698 | 0.244 |
Master’s | 0.3061 | 0.000 | 0.2347 | 0.000 | 0.0640 | 0.032 |
PhD | 0.4808 | 0.000 | 0.4356 | 0.000 | 0.2547 | 0.001 |
Observations | 1,228,448 | 219,417 | 150,183 |