| 1991 cohort | 2006 cohort | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Canadian-born women | Canadian-educated immigrants | Foreign-educated immigrants | Canadian-born women | Canadian-educated immigrants | Foreign-educated immigrants |
 | Mean | |||||
First-year earnings (2013 constant dollars) | 44,506 | 26,086 | 19,130 | 47,677 | 30,677 | 20,855 |
Log first-year earnings | 10.45 | 9.78 | 9.50 | 10.52 | 9.97 | 9.58 |
Years since the base | 10.45 | 9.81 | 10.55 | 3.50 | 3.41 | 3.54 |
Age in the base year | 29.49 | 28.57 | 29.15 | 29.36 | 28.03 | 29.37 |
Graduate degrees | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.17 | 0.26 | 0.40 | 0.30 |
Months of study in a year | 0.10 | 0.23 | 0.14 | 0.51 | 1.39 | 0.62 |
French | 0.30 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.28 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
Other languages | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.11 |
Visible minorities | 0.04 | 0.85 | 0.71 | 0.09 | 0.80 | 0.75 |
Atlantic region | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
Quebec | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 0.24 | 0.21 |
Manitoba and Saskatchewan | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
Alberta | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.13 |
British Columbia | 0.09 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.18 | 0.15 |
Skilled worker class | … | 0.43 | 0.15 | … | 0.58 | 0.35 |
Other economic class | … | 0.16 | 0.20 | … | 0.10 | 0.33 |
Family class | … | 0.33 | 0.48 | … | 0.28 | 0.31 |
Refugees | … | 0.08 | 0.18 | … | 0.04 | 0.02 |
Regional unemployment rate (percentage) | 7.25 | 6.94 | 6.66 | 6.07 | 5.99 | 5.95 |
No prior earnings in Canada | 0.01 | 0.14 | … | 0.00 | 0.16 | … |
Low prior earnings | 0.09 | 0.43 | … | 0.11 | 0.42 | … |
Medium prior earnings | 0.41 | 0.35 | … | 0.41 | 0.33 | … |
High prior earnings | 0.48 | 0.08 | … | 0.47 | 0.09 | … |
Years of prior Canadian work experience | 6.97 | 2.59 | … | 7.48 | 3.09 | … |
Years of Canadian study | … | 3.55 | … | … | 3.92 | … |
Sample size (unique persons) | 4716 | 1661 | 3353 | 11,564 | 5912 | 9629 |
Person-years | 80,635 | 20,005 | 44,300 | 64,446 | 27,304 | 42,614 |