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Table 12 Individual determinants of the emigration decision

From: Migrating out of a crowded labor market: evidence from Egypt

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

 

OLS

IV

IV

IV

 

All

All

Urban

Rural

Network

0.304

1.052

1.271

1.251

 

(0.061)

(0.415)

(1.335)

(0.587)

Household wealth

0.013

0.014

0.039

0.003

 

(0.005)

(0.008)

(0.025)

(0.018)

Wealth2

0.006

0.013

0.000

0.010

 

(0.003)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.016)

Network × wealth

−0.097

−0.234

−0.526

−0.073

 

(0.063)

(0.141)

(0.552)

(0.211)

Network × wealth2

−0.113

−0.307

−0.248

−0.226

 

(0.046)

(0.172)

(0.321)

(0.222)

Primary education

−0.011

−0.005

0.019

−0.019

 

(0.008)

(0.007)

(0.020)

(0.009)

Secondary educ.

0.023

0.020

0.014

0.023

 

(0.009)

(0.008)

(0.012)

(0.012)

Tertiary educ.

0.015

0.020

0.026

0.008

 

(0.009)

(0.010)

(0.016)

(0.014)

Household size

0.000

−0.000

0.000

−0.000

 

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.003)

(0.001)

Observations

8136

8136

3738

4365

  1. Marginal effects at mean of regressors. Standard errors in parentheses. Survey weighted probit/IV-probit model. Network variable is instrumented using old migration rates (based on 1990–1998 departures) in level and interaction terms. Dependent variable: 1 if individual emigrated between 2006 and 2012. Regressors are observed in 2006. Sample: men aged 16 to 54 in 2006. Districts with less than 25 households surveyed in 2006 are excluded. Model includes age controls (indicators for 4 age brackets), urban dummy
  2. *** p<0.01; ** p<0.05; * p<0.1