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Table 6 Individual determinants of the emigration decision

From: Migrating out of a crowded labor market: evidence from Egypt

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

 

OLS

IV

IV

IV

 

All

All

Urban

Rural

Network

0.441

1.609

1.773

1.687

 

(0.093)

(0.448)

(1.320)

(0.583)

Household wealth

0.011

0.014

0.018

0.007

 

(0.004)

(0.011)

(0.018)

(0.020)

Wealth2

0.006

0.019

0.017

0.018

 

(0.003)

(0.009)

(0.010)

(0.016)

Network × wealth

−0.111

−0.367

−0.153

−0.170

 

(0.085)

(0.204)

(0.560)

(0.269)

Network × wealth2

−0.166

−0.518

−0.686

−0.383

 

(0.054)

(0.211)

(0.369)

(0.248)

Primary educ.

−0.007

0.000

0.015

−0.017

 

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.013)

(0.011)

Secondary educ.

0.025

0.026

0.006

0.029

 

(0.010)

(0.010)

(0.010)

(0.014)

Tertiary educ.

0.015

0.023

0.024

0.010

 

(0.009)

(0.010)

(0.011)

(0.016)

Household size

−0.000

−0.000

−0.001

−0.000

 

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.003)

(0.002)

Sanderson-Windmeijer F-stat

    

Network

 

13.35

2.61

10.47

Network × wealth

 

19.33

4.75

11.20

Network × wealth2

 

11.46

5.26

15.24

Observations

8165

8165

3800

4365

R 2

0.050

   
  1. Standard errors in parentheses. Linear probability model. Survey-weighted estimations, standard errors clustered at district level. Columns 2–4: network variable is instrumented using old migration rates (based on 1990–1998 departures) in level and interaction terms. Dependent variable: 1 if individual emigrated between 2007 and 2012. Mean value of the dependent is 0.053, 0.069 in rural sample, 0.035 in urban sample. Regressors are observed in 2006. Model includes age controls (indicators for 4 age brackets), urban dummy
  2. *** p<0.01; ** p<0.05; * p<0.1