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Table 7 Individual determinants of emigration: Labor market factors, OLS results

From: Migrating out of a crowded labor market: evidence from Egypt

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

 

All

Urban

Rural

Employed individuals

Network

0.431

0.410

0.393

0.385

0.374

0.583

 

(0.090)

(0.151)

(0.105)

(0.110)

(0.108)

(0.136)

Household wealth

0.010

0.018

-0.002

0.007

0.007

0.002

 

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.009)

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.006)

Wealth2

0.007

0.006

0.000

0.006

0.006

0.006

 

(0.003)

(0.004)

(0.006)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

Network × wealth

−0.112

−0.103

−0.027

−0.056

−0.054

0.061

 

(0.084)

(0.092)

(0.108)

(0.092)

(0.090)

(0.107)

Network × wealth2

−0.174

−0.249

−0.110

−0.145

−0.141

−0.117

 

(0.053)

(0.072)

(0.071)

(0.058)

(0.057)

(0.059)

Employed

0.083

0.065

0.091

   
 

(0.011)

(0.010)

(0.017)

   

Unemployed

0.204

0.106

0.295

   
 

(0.023)

(0.023)

(0.035)

   

Formal empl.

   

−0.016

 

0.012

    

(0.008)

 

(0.009)

Formal × no educ.

    

−0.013

 
     

(0.009)

 

Formal × primary educ.

    

0.024

 
     

(0.016)

 

Formal × secondary educ.

    

−0.043

 
     

(0.014)

 

Formal × tertiary educ.

    

−0.009

 
     

(0.019)

 

Network × formal

     

−0.601

      

(0.140)

Primary educ.

−0.006

0.009

−0.021

−0.004

−0.018

−0.004

 

(0.007)

(0.012)

(0.009)

(0.008)

(0.010)

(0.008)

Secondary educ.

0.022

0.007

0.023

0.022

0.035

0.022

 

(0.010)

(0.010)

(0.013)

(0.011)

(0.015)

(0.011)

Tertiary educ.

0.020

0.024

0.010

0.023

0.018

0.022

 

(0.009)

(0.010)

(0.014)

(0.011)

(0.019)

(0.011)

Household size

0.000

0.001

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

(0.001)

(0.003)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.001)

Observations

8165

3800

4365

6159

6159

6159

R 2

0.084

0.054

0.106

0.057

0.060

0.064

  1. Standard errors in parentheses. Linear probability model. Survey-weighted estimations, standard errors clustered at district level. Dependent variable: 1 if individual emigrated between 2007 and 2012. Mean value of the dependent is 0.053, 0.069 in rural sample, 0.035 in urban sample. Regressors are observed in 2006. Model includes age controls (indicators for 4 age brackets), urban dummy. Employed and unemployed are binary variables, the omitted reference category is inactive (students and other non-participating individuals). Education has four categories, the reference group is individuals with no education
  2. *** p<0.01; ** p<0.05; * p<0.1