Table 8 Individual determinants of emigration: Labor market factors, IV results

Network

1.561^∗∗∗

1.935

1.574^∗∗∗

1.350^∗∗∗

1.371^∗∗∗

2.883^∗∗∗

(0.453)

(1.406)

(0.571)

(0.460)

(0.477)

(0.970)

Household wealth

0.015

0.022

0.008

0.019

0.019

−0.030

(0.012)

(0.018)

(0.020)

(0.016)

(0.016)

(0.029)

Wealth²

0.019^∗∗

0.017

0.019

0.019^∗∗

0.025^∗∗

0.018^∗

(0.009)

(0.011)

(0.016)

(0.010)

(0.010)

(0.011)

Network × wealth

−0.384^∗

−0.248

−0.240

−0.110

−0.128

0.941

(0.217)

(0.567)

(0.288)

(0.315)

(0.338)

(0.666)

Network × wealth²

−0.509^∗∗

−0.669^∗

−0.407^∗

−0.518^∗∗

−0.543^∗∗

−0.291

(0.212)

(0.382)

(0.246)

(0.218)

(0.240)

(0.271)

Employed

0.084^∗∗∗

0.063^∗∗∗

0.095^∗∗∗

(0.011)

(0.010)

(0.017)

Unemployed

0.200^∗∗∗

0.112^∗∗∗

0.283^∗∗∗

(0.023)

(0.023)

(0.035)

Formal empl.

−0.277^∗∗

0.007

(0.121)

(0.168)

Formal × no educ.

−0.028

(0.103)

Formal × primary educ.

−0.106

(0.111)

Formal × secondary educ.

−0.430^∗∗∗

(0.158)

Formal × tertiary educ.

−0.526^∗

(0.289)

Network × formal

−4.926^∗

(2.866)

Primary educ.

0.001

0.015

−0.014

0.036^∗

0.036

0.034

(0.009)

(0.014)

(0.011)

(0.020)

(0.037)

(0.021)

Secondary educ.

0.023^∗∗

0.004

0.023^∗

0.086^∗∗

0.216^∗∗∗

0.073^∗∗

(0.010)

(0.011)

(0.014)

(0.035)

(0.072)

(0.037)

Tertiary educ.

0.029^∗∗∗

0.026^∗∗

0.019

0.133^∗∗

0.375^∗

0.105^∗∗

(0.011)

(0.011)

(0.016)

(0.052)

(0.200)

(0.053)

Household size

0.000

−0.000

0.000

−0.003

−0.003

−0.003

(0.001)

(0.003)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.002)

Sanderson-Windmeijer F-stat

Network

13.29

2.68

10.34

18.88

22.08

6.69

Network × wealth

19.34

4.78

11.23

22.30

25.20

7.24

Network × wealth²

11.47

5.36

15.18

11.23

11.69

9.94

Formal

16.95

11.45

Network × formal

5.10

Formal × no educ.

15.78

Formal × primary educ.

25.65

Formal ×secondary educ.

16.53

Formal × tertiary educ.

15.30

Observations

8165

3800

4365

6159

6159

6159