Skip to main content

Table 9 Correlates of attitudes towards illegal immigration, baseline specification, labor force split of sample

From: Illegal immigration and media exposure: evidence on individual attitudes

Dependent variable

Pro_lenient_plan dummy

 

Labor force

In

Out

In

Out

In

Out

In

Out

In

Out

 

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

Age

−0.019c

−0.016c

−0.015c

−0.015c

−0.016c

−0.014c

−0.016c

−0.014c

−0.016c

−0.013c

 

[0.003]

[0.002]

[0.003]

[0.002]

[0.003]

[0.002]

[0.003]

[0.002]

[0.003]

[0.003]

Age squared

0.000c

0.000c

0.000c

0.000c

0.000c

0.000c

0.000c

0.000c

0.000c

0.000c

 

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

Female dummy

0.037c

0.029c

0.002

0.016a

0.002

0.015

0.002

0.016a

0.003

0.018a

 

[0.009]

[0.010]

[0.009]

[0.010]

[0.009]

[0.010]

[0.009]

[0.010]

[0.009]

[0.010]

Black dummy

0.071c

0.089c

0.012

0.032

−0.005

0.031

0

0.038

0.002

0.048

 

[0.020]

[0.030]

[0.020]

[0.035]

[0.019]

[0.032]

[0.022]

[0.031]

[0.021]

[0.033]

Latino dummy

0.235c

0.207c

0.223c

0.220c

0.213c

0.200c

0.204c

0.199c

0.205c

0.204c

 

[0.020]

[0.035]

[0.025]

[0.039]

[0.025]

[0.038]

[0.024]

[0.039]

[0.023]

[0.041]

Immigrant origin

0.019b

0.038c

0.012a

0.025c

0.013a

0.027c

0.015b

0.024c

0.016b

0.027c

 

[0.007]

[0.010]

[0.007]

[0.009]

[0.007]

[0.008]

[0.007]

[0.008]

[0.007]

[0.008]

Education

0.050c

0.038c

0.045c

0.034c

0.044c

0.033c

0.044c

0.033c

0.044c

0.035c

 

[0.004]

[0.008]

[0.004]

[0.008]

[0.004]

[0.008]

[0.004]

[0.008]

[0.004]

[0.008]

Income

0

0

0.005c

0.003

0.005c

0.002

0.005c

0.002

0.006c

0.002

 

[0.002]

[0.003]

[0.002]

[0.003]

[0.001]

[0.003]

[0.001]

[0.003]

[0.002]

[0.003]

Conservative (100 pt)

−0.006c

−0.005c

−0.005c

−0.005c

−0.005c

−0.005c

−0.005c

−0.005c

   

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

Party id (3 pt)

−0.056c

−0.038c

   

[0.009]

[0.012]

      

Party id (7 pt)

−0.030c

−0.020c

−0.031c

−0.021c

−0.031c

−0.021c

     

[0.004]

[0.005]

[0.004]

[0.005]

[0.004]

[0.005]

ABC dummy

−0.019

−0.082c

0.004

−0.073c

0.002

−0.075c

0.005

−0.074c

−0.003

−0.079c

 

[0.021]

[0.021]

[0.021]

[0.023]

[0.020]

[0.023]

[0.020]

[0.023]

[0.021]

[0.026]

CNN dummy

−0.036

−0.068b

−0.066c

−0.092c

−0.071c

−0.102c

−0.070c

−0.099c

−0.075c

−0.098c

 

[0.023]

[0.027]

[0.022]

[0.026]

[0.021]

[0.024]

[0.020]

[0.024]

[0.021]

[0.025]

FOX News dummy

−0.259c

−0.235c

−0.104c

−0.093c

−0.091c

−0.089c

−0.090c

−0.086c

−0.097c

−0.089c

 

[0.016]

[0.023]

[0.018]

[0.026]

[0.017]

[0.025]

[0.017]

[0.026]

[0.018]

[0.027]

PBS dummy

0.231c

0.224c

0.160c

0.142c

0.150c

0.130c

0.148c

0.131c

0.146c

0.134c

 

[0.028]

[0.030]

[0.030]

[0.031]

[0.028]

[0.033]

[0.028]

[0.034]

[0.029]

[0.038]

NBC dummy

−0.008

0.001

0.002

0.008

0.002

0.002

0.001

0.006

−0.005

0.004

 

[0.024]

[0.020]

[0.025]

[0.021]

[0.024]

[0.020]

[0.024]

[0.020]

[0.026]

[0.021]

MSNBC dummy

0.062b

0.003

0.007

−0.044a

0.006

−0.048a

0.004

−0.041

0.001

−0.048a

 

[0.031]

[0.031]

[0.028]

[0.027]

[0.026]

[0.027]

[0.027]

[0.027]

[0.028]

[0.028]

Other network dummy

0.066

−0.111b

0.053

−0.096b

0.058

−0.072

0.055

−0.071

0.056

−0.07

 

[0.043]

[0.045]

[0.046]

[0.047]

[0.043]

[0.045]

[0.044]

[0.047]

[0.046]

[0.048]

No evening news dummy

−0.093c

−0.131c

−0.03

−0.062c

−0.024

−0.063c

−0.025

−0.063c

−0.029

−0.067c

 

[0.019]

[0.020]

[0.020]

[0.024]

[0.020]

[0.023]

[0.020]

[0.023]

[0.021]

[0.025]

Population density (county level)

0.026c

0.025b

0.028c

0.028b

0.032c

0.026b

     

[0.008]

[0.011]

[0.010]

[0.012]

[0.007]

[0.011]

Fraction of illegal immigrants (state level)

0.005

0.010c

     

[0.003]

[0.003]

    

Fraction of legal immigrants (state level)

−0.001

−0.002a

     

[0.001]

[0.001]

    

Sate fixed effects

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

DMA fixed effects

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Pseudo R-squared

0.09

0.08

0.17

0.15

0.18

0.15

0.18

0.16

0.19

0.17

Observations

12,294

6334

12,294

6334

12,958

6623

12,958

6623

12,928

6573

  1. The sample excludes all individuals who describe themselves as immigrants. The dependent variable is a dummy which takes on the value of 1 if the respondent would have voted in favor of the Senate plan on illegal immigration and 0 otherwise. The panel contains the estimated marginal effect on the probability of being in favor of the Senate plan, given an increase in the value of the relevant regressor, holding all other regressors at their mean values. Standard errors, adjusted for clustering at the state level, are shown under each coefficient. See Table 4 for the definition of the other variables
  2. aSignificant at 1%;
  3. bsignificant at 5%;
  4. csignificant at 1%