Table 7 Variable definitions, data definitions and sources
From: Turkish migration to Europe: a modified gravity model analysis
Variable | Definition | Source |
|---|---|---|
Migration ijt | Migration stock | World Bank |
GDP jt | Destination country’s GDP, PPP (constant 2011 international $) | World Bank |
GDP it | Origin country’s GDP, PPP (constant 2011 international $) | World Bank |
Population it | Origin country’s total population | World Bank |
Population jt | Destination country’s total population | World Bank |
Distance ij | Simple distance between capitals (capitals, km) | CEPII |
Urbanization Rate jt | Urbanization rate of the destination country | World Bank |
Area j | Land area of the destination country | CEPII |
Contiguity ij | A dummy variable indicating whether the source and the destination country are contiguous. | CEPII |
Landlocked j | A dummy variable indicating whether the destination country is landlocked or not | CEPII |
Community j | A dummy variable indicating the existence of the Turkish community in the destination country | TÜBİTAK |