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Table 6 Heterogeneous responses by quartile of violence

From: Violence and migration: evidence from Mexico’s drug war

 

Quantiles predicted homicides without highways

Panel A: domestic migration

Quartile = 1

Quartile = 2

Quartile = 3

Quartile = 4

 Municipal cross section

First stage

Second stage

First stage

Second stage

First stage

Second stage

First stage

Second stage

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

 Federal highway kilometers 2005

0.11674

 

0.1578***

 

0.4082***

 

0.45109**

 
 

(0.084)

 

(0.061)

 

(0.065)

 

(0.192)

 

 Homicides 2007–2010

 

0.02620

 

0.01700

 

−0.00908

 

0.01125

 Per 100,000 inhabitants

 

(0.045)

 

(0.020)

 

(0.009)

 

(0.011)

 Observations

606

606

607

607

607

607

605

605

 Angrist-Pischke F test

1.915

1.915

6.765

6.765

39.29

39.29

5.518

5.518

 Kleinbergen-Paap rK LM ChiSq.

1.941

1.941

6.802

6.802

37.48

37.48

5.559

5.559

Panel B: international migration

Quartile = 1

Quartile = 2

Quartile = 3

Quartile = 4

 Municipal panel

First stage

Second stage

First stage

Second stage

First stage

Second stage

First stage

Second stage

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

 Federal highway kilometers 2005*

0.08412

 

0.07718

 

0.4501***

 

0.94848***

 

 Cocaine seizures in Colombia

(0.069)

 

(0.066)

 

(0.094)

 

(0.198)

 

 Homicides per 100,000 inhabitants

 

−0.01388

 

−0.01768

 

−0.00347

 

−0.00327

  

(0.017)

 

(0.019)

 

(0.003)

 

(0.002)

 Observations

2351

2351

2378

2378

2383

2383

2400

2400

 Angrist-Pischke F test

1.502

1.502

1.374

1.374

23.05

23.05

22.91

22.91

 Kleinbergen-Paap rK LM ChiSq.

1.510

1.510

1.381

1.381

22.96

22.96

22.82

22.82

  1. Robust standard errors in parentheses. In panel B standard errors are clustered at the municipal level
  2. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1
  3. Municipal controls include: average homicides per 100,000 inhabitants for 2005 and 2006, population density, unemployment in 2010 & 2000, average years schooling adults, % households with running water, income per capita in 2000, and non-federal highways in 2005 and year fixed effects
  4. Source: Mexican Census, as accessed through IPUMS, INEGI, Colombian Ministry of Defense