Acquisition of permanent residence by temporary foreign workers in Canada: a panel study of labour market outcomes before and after the status transition

Ci, Wen; Hou, Feng; Morissette, René

doi:10.1186/s40176-017-0107-1

Table 3 Employment rates of male temporary foreign workers before and after transition to permanent residence, by streams, 1996 to 2012

From: Acquisition of permanent residence by temporary foreign workers in Canada: a panel study of labour market outcomes before and after the status transition

	Group 1: international agreements		Group 2: Canadian interests—employment benefits		Group 3: other Canadian interests		Group 4: temporary foreign workers with labour market opinion		Group 5: Live-in Caregiver Program
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2
	Percentage points
Years prior to transition
5	0.022*	0.025**	0.036**	0.036**	−0.068***	−0.060***	−0.031***	−0.030***	0.015	0.015
4	0.022**	0.023**	0.041***	0.041***	−0.067***	−0.059***	−0.024***	−0.023***	0.000	0.000
3	0.016**	0.018***	0.022**	0.022**	−0.057***	−0.050***	−0.012**	−0.011**	0.013*	0.013^†
2	0.010*	0.011*	0.022***	0.022***	−0.042***	−0.037***	−0.003	−0.002	0.005	0.004
1	0.005	0.006	0.012*	0.012**	−0.047***	−0.045***	0.001	0.001	−0.003	−0.004
Years post transition
1	0.002	0.003	−0.003	−0.002	0.023***	0.024***	−0.003	−0.003	−0.007	−0.005
2	0.000	0.001	−0.009^†	−0.008	0.026***	0.028***	−0.007**	−0.007**	−0.010^†	−0.006
3	−0.009*	−0.008^†	−0.010	−0.009	0.026***	0.026***	−0.013***	−0.013***	−0.013*	−0.011^†
4	−0.015**	−0.014**	−0.008	−0.008	0.023***	0.022***	−0.012***	−0.011***	−0.017*	−0.015*
5	−0.017**	−0.016**	−0.014^†	−0.013^†	0.024***	0.022***	−0.018***	−0.017***	−0.017*	−0.016^†
Months of full-time postsecondary education	…	−0.015***	…	−0.011**	…	−0.013***	…	−0.008***	…	−0.008**
Mean of employment rates	0.966	0.966	0.941	0.941	0.904	0.904	0.958	0.958	0.982	0.982
	Number
R-squared	0.366	0.373	0.474	0.475	0.438	0.443	0.401	0.402	0.303	0.306
Sample size	32,399	32,399	25,740	25,740	172,920	172,920	89,106	89,106	9554	9554

Notes: (a) “months of full-time postsecondary education” is computed using information on federal non-refundable full-time education credits and deductions on the T1 Personal Master File; (b) the indicator of missing postsecondary education information is controlled for in Model 2. Sources: Statistics Canada, Temporary Residents file, Immigrant Landing file and Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database
… not applicable
*significantly different from reference category (p < 0.05); **significantly different from reference category (p < 0.01); ***significantly different from reference category (p < 0.001); ^†significantly different from reference category (p < 0.10)

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