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Table 6 Full set of coefficient estimates for Table 4 regressions

From: The effect of immigration shocks on native fertility outcomes: evidence from a natural experiment

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Separate-year treatment effects

 1982

0.014

0.007

0.005

0.009

0.011

(0.025)

(0.027)

(0.027)

(0.026)

(0.026)

 1983

− 0.041**

− 0.034*

− 0.038*

− 0.039*

− 0.040*

(0.018)

(0.021)

(0.021)

(0.020)

(0.020)

 1984

− 0.007

0.007

0.004

0.004

0.005

(0.020)

(0.023)

(0.023)

(0.023)

(0.023)

 1985

0.012

0.006

0.005

0.008

0.008

(0.022)

(0.023)

(0.022)

(0.022)

(0.022)

 1986

− 0.032**

− 0.036**

− 0.038**

− 0.039**

− 0.041**

(0.015)

(0.017)

(0.017)

(0.017)

(0.017)

 1987

0.006

0.006

0.005

0.005

0.003

(0.017)

(0.019)

(0.019)

(0.018)

(0.018)

 1988

0.011

0.006

0.004

0.006

0.005

(0.017)

(0.019)

(0.019)

(0.019)

(0.018)

Covariate

 Non-Hispanic African American

–

− 0.003

− 0.004

0.006

0.046

 

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.030)

 Other Race

–

0.022

0.023

0.016

− 0.080

 

(0.016)

(0.016)

(0.016)

(0.052)

 Hispanic

–

0.008

0.000

− 0.010

0.075**

 

(0.008)

(0.008)

(0.008)

(0.030)

 Age 15

–

0.011**

− 0.013*

0.042***

0.049***

 

(0.005)

(0.007)

(0.008)

(0.008)

 Age 16

–

0.013**

− 0.005

0.047***

0.054***

 

(0.006)

(0.007)

(0.008)

(0.008)

 Age 17

–

0.017***

0.003

0.053***

0.058***

 

(0.006)

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.007)

 Age 18

–

0.060***

0.052***

0.093***

0.097***

 

(0.011)

(0.011)

(0.011)

(0.011)

 Age 19

–

0.082***

0.076***

0.111***

0.115***

 

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.013)

 Age 20

–

0.103***

0.101***

0.125***

0.130***

 

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.016)

(0.016)

 Age 21

–

0.110***

0.109***

0.128***

0.131***

 

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

 Age 22

–

0.101***

0.100***

0.112***

0.116***

 

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.013)

 Age 23

–

0.123***

0.124***

0.130***

0.133***

 

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

 Age 24

–

0.124***

0.125***

0.125***

0.127***

 

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

 Age 25

–

0.120***

0.121***

0.118***

0.120***

 

(0.013)

(0.014)

(0.014)

(0.014)

 Age 26

–

0.120***

0.122***

0.118***

0.120***

 

(0.014)

(0.014)

(0.014)

(0.014)

 Age 27

–

0.106***

0.109***

0.103***

0.106***

 

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.013)

 Age 28

–

0.132***

0.134***

0.128***

0.130***

 

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

 Age 29

–

0.095***

0.099***

0.087***

0.089***

 

(0.012)

(0.012)

(0.012)

(0.012)

 Age 30

–

0.116***

0.120***

0.108***

0.110***

 

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.014)

(0.014)

 Age 31

–

0.108***

0.112***

0.102***

0.103***

 

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.014)

(0.014)

 Age 32

–

0.088***

0.091***

0.079***

0.081***

 

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.013)

 Age 33

–

0.053***

0.057***

0.049***

0.050***

 

(0.008)

(0.008)

(0.008)

(0.008)

 Age 34

–

0.087***

0.090***

0.081***

0.081***

 

(0.014)

(0.014)

(0.014)

(0.015)

 Age 35

–

0.043***

0.047***

0.040***

0.041***

 

(0.010)

(0.010)

(0.010)

(0.010)

 Age 36

–

0.031***

0.035***

0.028***

0.030***

 

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.008)

(0.008)

 Age 37

–

0.030***

0.035***

0.029***

0.030***

 

(0.008)

(0.008)

(0.008)

(0.009)

 Age 38

–

0.031***

0.035***

0.028***

0.029***

 

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

 Age 39

–

0.017***

0.021***

0.015**

0.015**

 

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.007)

(0.007)

 Age 40

–

0.031***

0.035***

0.030***

0.031***

 

(0.010)

(0.010)

(0.010)

(0.010)

 Age 41

–

0.015**

0.017***

0.015**

0.015**

 

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.007)

 Age 42

–

0.005

0.008**

0.010**

0.012**

 

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.005)

(0.005)

 Age 43

–

0.001

0.003

0.005

0.006

 

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.004)

(0.004)

 $5000 to $7499

–

− 0.021*

− 0.019*

− 0.026**

− 0.026**

 

(0.012)

(0.012)

(0.011)

(0.011)

 $7500 to $9999

–

− 0.025**

− 0.023**

− 0.036***

− 0.034***

 

(0.011)

(0.011)

(0.011)

(0.011)

 $10,000 to $14,999

–

− 0.032***

− 0.028***

− 0.040***

− 0.037***

 

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

 $15,000 to $24,999

–

− 0.025***

− 0.018**

− 0.040***

− 0.036***

 

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

 $25,000 and above

–

− 0.032***

− 0.020**

− 0.052***

− 0.049***

 

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

 Male unemployment rate, t – 1

–

− 0.199**

− 0.185*

− 0.181*

− 0.183*

 

(0.099)

(0.099)

(0.097)

(0.097)

 Female unemployment rate, t – 1

–

− 0.094

− 0.078

− 0.079

− 0.088

 

(0.130)

(0.130)

(0.128)

(0.128)

 Number of previous births

–

0.002

0.000

− 0.008***

− 0.007***

 

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.002)

 Years of education

–

–

− 0.005***

− 0.004***

− 0.003**

  

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.001)

 Married

–

–

–

0.103***

0.118***

   

(0.006)

(0.006)

 Years of education × non-Hispanic African American

–

–

–

–

− 0.001

    

(0.002)

 Years of education × other race

–

–

–

–

0.006

    

(0.004)

 Years of education × Hispanic

–

–

–

–

− 0.006***

    

(0.002)

 Married × non-Hispanic African American

–

–

–

–

− 0.059***

    

(0.011)

 Married × other race

–

–

–

–

0.031

    

(0.026)

 Married × Hispanic

–

–

–

–

− 0.023

    

(0.014)

Observations

71,571

58,921

58,921

58,921

58,921

R-squared

0.002

0.035

0.037

0.064

0.067

  1. Sample consists of women age 15–44. The comparison group encompasses all observations from New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Cleveland, Houston, San Diego, New Orleans, Tampa St. Petersburg, and Portland. Sample weights are used in all regressions. All specifications are estimated by OLS. Robust standard errors are in parentheses. The dependent variable is whether or not an individual has had a birth in the last 12 months. Ethnicity is represented by 4 indicator variables—non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic African American, other race, and Hispanic (with non-Hispanic White as the base group). Age is represented by 30 dummies—one for every age (with age 44 as the base category). Family income is represented by 6 indicator variables—less than $5000, $5000 to $7499, $7500 to $9999, $10,000 to $14,999, $15,000 to $24,999, and $25,000 and above (with less than US$5000 per annum as the base category). Marital status is represented by a dichotomous variable—either currently married or not. MSA and Year dummies are included in all regressions. ***p value < 0.01, **p value < 0.05, *p value < 0.1