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Table 10 Secondary activity of those in subsistence farming/livestock, by camp area

From: Considering the benefits of hosting refugees: evidence of refugee camps influencing local labour market activity and economic welfare in Rwanda

 

Wage employment

Self-employment

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Gihembe x < 10 km

− 0.05

0.01

 

0.02

0.03

 

(0.07)

(0.11)

(0.03)

(0.04)

 x Female

  

0.00

  

0.03

(0.12)

(0.04)

 x Male

0.02

0.04

(0.13)

(0.07)

Kigeme x < 10 km

0.09

− 0.00

 

0.11***

0.12***

 

(0.07)

(0.09)

(0.03)

(0.04)

 x Female

  

− 0.00

  

0.18***

(0.10)

(0.04)

 x Male

− 0.01

0.01

(0.10)

(0.06)

Kiziba x < 10 km

− 0.03

− 0.03

 

0.00

0.00

 

(0.07)

(0.11)

(0.03)

(0.03)

 x Female

  

− 0.09

  

− 0.01

(0.10)

(0.03)

 x Male

0.04

0.03

(0.11)

(0.06)

Controls

No

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

R 2

0.01

0.08

0.08

0.02

0.03

0.04

Observations

1205

1205

1205

1205

1205

1205

  1. Note: ***p < 0.01, **p < .05, *p < 0.10. Estimates are based on a linear probability model, but robust to maximum likelihood estimation. Standard errors in parentheses are robust and clustered at the community level (46). See Fig. 3 in the Appendix for full heterogeneous effects across all relevant subgroups. Other covariates controlled for include female, age, married, household head, education at lower secondary level, size of household, share of children (per adult), market distance, city distance, community population and nearest refugee camp