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Table 2 Population characteristics by ethnicity and location

From: Economic liberalisation and the mobility of minority groups: evidence from Māori in New Zealand

 

Sole Māori

Mixed Māori

European

 

Local iwi

Non-local iwi

No iwi affiliation

Local iwi

Non-local iwi

No iwi affiliation

Moved from outside LMA

17 %

28 %

20 %

17 %

26 %

21 %

18 %

Mean age

42.9

42.8

42.2

41.5

41.1

40.8

44.2

Female

55 %

50 %

47 %

60 %

59 %

51 %

52 %

Has no qualifications

44 %

39 %

51 %

29 %

22 %

33 %

22 %

Has school qualification

22 %

25 %

18 %

32 %

32 %

30 %

33 %

Post-school qualification

18 %

19 %

11 %

25 %

26 %

20 %

27 %

University degree

5 %

7 %

2 %

8 %

14 %

7 %

14 %

Missing qualifications

12 %

10 %

18 %

7 %

5 %

9 %

4 %

Single, never married

24 %

22 %

26 %

18 %

17 %

19 %

12 %

Legally/de facto married

61 %

63 %

56 %

68 %

69 %

66 %

76 %

Divorced/separated/widowed

14 %

15 %

14 %

13 %

13 %

14 %

12 %

Missing marital status

1 %

1 %

3 %

0 %

0 %

1 %

0 %

Employed full-time

53 %

59 %

52 %

60 %

62 %

60 %

68 %

Employed part-time

13 %

12 %

12 %

15 %

15 %

14 %

16 %

Unemployed

9 %

7 %

9 %

6 %

5 %

5 %

2 %

Not in the labour force

25 %

21 %

28 %

19 %

18 %

21 %

14 %

Mean real income

$25,228

$28,920

$24,094

$30,184

$34,357

$31,096

$38,615

Income missing

8 %

7 %

16 %

4 %

4 %

8 %

4 %

Non-family member

23 %

26 %

30 %

18 %

19 %

22 %

19 %

Couple, no children

14 %

17 %

15 %

16 %

17 %

17 %

26 %

Couple, children

42 %

40 %

36 %

49 %

48 %

46 %

47 %

Single parent

21 %

17 %

19 %

18 %

16 %

16 %

8 %

Year = 2001

48 %

47 %

55 %

43 %

41 %

50 %

49 %

Year = 2006

52 %

53 %

45 %

57 %

59 %

50 %

51 %

Percent of overall population

5 %

3 %

2 %

2 %

2 %

1 %

85 %

Percent of Māori population

32 %

19 %

12 %

13 %

14 %

9 %

 

Population

101,595

61,551

38,214

40,095

45,597

29,376

1,790,388

  1. See the notes in Table 1 for a description of how local LMAs for each iwi are defined. Real incomes are in 2006 dollars